7 Common Causes of Urinary Incontinence (and What You Can Do About Them)

Urinary incontinence is more common than you think — and you’re not alone. Whether you’re experiencing occasional leaks or ongoing symptoms, understanding the cause can be the first step to regaining confidence and control.

1. Weak Pelvic Floor Muscles

One of the most common causes — especially after childbirth, surgery, or ageing. Weak muscles make it harder to ‘hold on’ when sneezing, laughing, or exercising.

2. Bladder Irritants

Caffeine, alcohol, spicy foods, and fizzy drinks can irritate the bladder lining. Keeping a bladder diary may help you spot and avoid personal triggers.

3. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

UTIs can cause temporary urgency and leakage. If you notice burning, pain, or cloudy urine, speak to your GP or health professional.

4. Chronic Constipation

Straining can weaken your pelvic muscles and pressure the bladder. Try increasing fibre and water to help relieve symptoms.

5. Hormonal Changes

During menopause or after pregnancy, hormone shifts can thin bladder tissues or reduce muscle tone, leading to stress or urge incontinence.

6. Neurological Conditions

Conditions like MS, Parkinson’s, or spinal injuries may affect bladder control by interfering with the nerves responsible.

7. Mobility or Cognitive Issues

Sometimes it’s not the bladder — it’s difficulty reaching the toilet or recognising the need to go. Planning and discreet support products can help.